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Iranian Journal of Breast Diseases
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1- Reproductive Health Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
2- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran ,alesaleh70@yahoo.com
2- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran ,
Abstract: (28 Views)
Dear Editor,
Breast cancer is a prevalent form of cancer among women globally. By 2030, this number is projected to increase to 2.64 million people (1). The incidence of breast cancer has also risen among Iranian women in recent years, with 14,743 cases reported in 2019, marking 2.5 times increase from 1990 (2). Fortunately, advancements in early detection and treatment have led to improved prognosis, with a study from Iran reporting 5- and 10-year survival rates of 80% and 69%, respectively (3). However, new challenges have emerged for cancer survivors.
The diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer can significantly impact a person's physical and mental well-being. Research shows that over 90% of women with breast cancer experience sexual dysfunction (4). Achieving optimal sexual function, which involves engaging in sexual activity without pain or discomfort and experiencing desire, arousal, and orgasm without psychological barriers, is influenced by a range of factors, including biological, psychological, social, spiritual, religious, economic, political, and historical factors (5). In addition to diminishing self-confidence and body image, a breast cancer diagnosis can lead to mental health issues and strain interpersonal relationships, ultimately affecting a woman's overall quality of life, including her sexual well-being. Furthermore, cancer surgery and chemotherapy can weaken sexual function. Mastectomy is utilized in half of breast cancer patients as a treatment method, involving the removal of the breast. This procedure can lead to psychological and sexual issues (6). Additionally, chronic pain in patients with cancer can significantly impact their physical, sexual, and mental well-being, as well as their overall quality of life (7).
The burden of cancer and its treatments often lead to long-term sexual concerns in women. Sexual disorders, such as reluctance, dryness, and vaginal discomfort, can place a significant mental burden on both the patient and her partner. Feelings of guilt may arise as the woman struggles to engage in sexual activity, while her partner may feel guilty for pressuring her despite her pain and discomfort. These challenges can ultimately lead to a decline in sexual activity, resulting in negative emotional and interpersonal consequences (8).
Breast cancer can be a life-threatening and emotionally taxing experience for women. Unfortunately, sexual health is often overlooked in oncology clinics, despite the high prevalence of sexual issues among patients. Patients may also feel ashamed or hesitant to discuss their sexual concerns (9). However, it is crucial to recognize that sexuality is a fundamental aspect of human well-being. Women with breast cancer require support and assistance from their healthcare providers, regardless of the stage of treatment. Early identification of sexual dysfunction and provision of appropriate interventions, such as couples therapy and sexual counseling, can help patients resume sexual activity. It is crucial to take a holistic approach to evaluate patients, addressing both the physical and psychological aspects of sexual dysfunction. Establishing sexual health clinics within oncology centers could significantly improve the quality of life and life expectancy of these patients.
Breast cancer is a prevalent form of cancer among women globally. By 2030, this number is projected to increase to 2.64 million people (1). The incidence of breast cancer has also risen among Iranian women in recent years, with 14,743 cases reported in 2019, marking 2.5 times increase from 1990 (2). Fortunately, advancements in early detection and treatment have led to improved prognosis, with a study from Iran reporting 5- and 10-year survival rates of 80% and 69%, respectively (3). However, new challenges have emerged for cancer survivors.
The diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer can significantly impact a person's physical and mental well-being. Research shows that over 90% of women with breast cancer experience sexual dysfunction (4). Achieving optimal sexual function, which involves engaging in sexual activity without pain or discomfort and experiencing desire, arousal, and orgasm without psychological barriers, is influenced by a range of factors, including biological, psychological, social, spiritual, religious, economic, political, and historical factors (5). In addition to diminishing self-confidence and body image, a breast cancer diagnosis can lead to mental health issues and strain interpersonal relationships, ultimately affecting a woman's overall quality of life, including her sexual well-being. Furthermore, cancer surgery and chemotherapy can weaken sexual function. Mastectomy is utilized in half of breast cancer patients as a treatment method, involving the removal of the breast. This procedure can lead to psychological and sexual issues (6). Additionally, chronic pain in patients with cancer can significantly impact their physical, sexual, and mental well-being, as well as their overall quality of life (7).
The burden of cancer and its treatments often lead to long-term sexual concerns in women. Sexual disorders, such as reluctance, dryness, and vaginal discomfort, can place a significant mental burden on both the patient and her partner. Feelings of guilt may arise as the woman struggles to engage in sexual activity, while her partner may feel guilty for pressuring her despite her pain and discomfort. These challenges can ultimately lead to a decline in sexual activity, resulting in negative emotional and interpersonal consequences (8).
Breast cancer can be a life-threatening and emotionally taxing experience for women. Unfortunately, sexual health is often overlooked in oncology clinics, despite the high prevalence of sexual issues among patients. Patients may also feel ashamed or hesitant to discuss their sexual concerns (9). However, it is crucial to recognize that sexuality is a fundamental aspect of human well-being. Women with breast cancer require support and assistance from their healthcare providers, regardless of the stage of treatment. Early identification of sexual dysfunction and provision of appropriate interventions, such as couples therapy and sexual counseling, can help patients resume sexual activity. It is crucial to take a holistic approach to evaluate patients, addressing both the physical and psychological aspects of sexual dysfunction. Establishing sexual health clinics within oncology centers could significantly improve the quality of life and life expectancy of these patients.
Type of Study: Letter to Editor |
Subject:
Nutrition, psychology, sport
Received: 2025/08/26 | Accepted: 2025/10/29
Received: 2025/08/26 | Accepted: 2025/10/29
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